12/25/2022 0 Comments Best oyster spat in mississippiFor example, cardiac control is altered by changes in temperature, which are a routine challenge for the inter-tidal bivalve mollusc, the Pacific oyster ( Crassostrea gigas Thunberg, 1793 3 Quayle, 1969 Newell and Branch, 1980 Bernard, 1983). Thus, an understanding of the physiology and pathology of commercially-farmed species is increasingly important (e.g., aquaculture accounts for 90% of Tasmanian commercial fisheries production Skirtun et al., 2013 and 10,000 tons of oysters are produced annually in Canada 2) and represents an opportunity for knowledge translation (KT) to industry practices. In addition to these mechanisms, filter-feeding oysters are part of a growing aquaculture or sustainable food futures industry, which is influenced by changing ocean environments due to development, pollution, and climate change (Doney, 2010 The WorldFish Center, 2011 Ruckelshaus et al., 2013) 1. Further, species in which cardiac control emerged prior to mammalian evolution, such as oysters, provide a means to examine the origins of physiologic and pharmacologic mechanisms of cardiac control. These physiologic changes highlight the need for studies of mechanisms, and have translational potential for oyster aquaculture practices.Ĭardiac control is relatively conserved between phyla, despite inter- and intra-species differences for example, myogenic propagation of cardiac electrical impulses and the excitatory and inhibitory regulation of heart rate (HR) retain common design principles across evolutionarily distant organisms (Koester et al., 1979). Application of the method during an acute cooling challenge revealed that cool temperature acclimation preserved active cardiac contraction in oyster spat and increased time-domain HRV responses, whereas warm acclimation enhanced asystole. T a22 spat ( P < 0.001), whereas a lack of defined peaks in spectral density precluded frequency-domain analysis. Time-domain HRV was inversely related to temperature and elevated in T a10 vs. T a22 spat when asystole was included in analysis ( P = 0.026). The rate of HR decrease during cooling was less in T a10 vs. Spat became asystolic at low temperatures, particularly T a22 spat (T a22: 8/8 vs. HR was related to T exp in both acclimation groups. The temperature ramp (TR) protocol comprised 2☌ steps (10 min/experimental temperature, T exp) from 22☌ to 10☌ to 22☌. 22☌-T a10 or T a22, respectively each n = 8) would preserve cardiac phenotype (assessed via HR variability, HRV analysis and maintained cardiac activity) during acute temperature changes. We used the method to address the hypothesis that cool acclimation (10☌ vs. The system is housed within a temperature-controlled chamber and video microscopy imaging of the heart was coupled with video edge-detection to measure cardiac contraction, inter-beat interval, and heart rate (HR). We developed an automated, non-invasive method to detect real-time cardiac contraction in post-larval (1.1–1.7 mm length), juvenile oysters (i.e., oyster spat) via a fiber-optic trans-illumination system.
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